-
1 for
A prep1 ( intended to belong to or be used by) pour ; who are the flowers for? pour qui sont les fleurs? ; for her pour elle ; to buy sth for sb acheter qch pour or à qn ; she bought a book for me elle a acheté un livre pour moi, elle m'a acheté un livre ; she bought presents for the family elle a acheté des cadeaux pour la famille ; a club for young people un club pour les jeunes ; a play area for children une aire de jeux pour les enfants ; keep some pancakes for us! garde-nous des crêpes! ; not for me thanks pas pour moi merci ;2 ( intended to help or benefit) pour ; to do sth for sb faire qch pour qn ; you risked your life for us tu as risqué ta vie pour nous ; let me carry it for you laisse-moi le porter pour toi ; could you book a seat for me? est-ce que tu pourrais réserver une place pour moi or me réserver une place? ; he cooked dinner for us il nous a préparé à manger ; play a tune for us joue-nous quelque chose ;3 ( indicating purpose) pour ; what's it for? c'est pour quoi faire?, ça sert à quoi? ; it's for removing stains c'est pour enlever or ça sert à enlever les taches ; what's this spring for? c'est pour quoi faire ce ressort? ; it's not for cleaning windows ce n'est pas fait pour nettoyer les vitres ; an attic for storing furniture un grenier pour entreposer les meubles ; ‘I need it’-‘what for?’ ‘j'en ai besoin’-‘pourquoi?’ ; what did you say that for? pourquoi as-tu dit cela? ; let's stop for a rest arrêtons-nous pour nous reposer ; to do sth for a laugh faire qch pour rigoler ○ ; to go for a swim/ meal aller nager/manger ; I need something for my cough j'ai besoin de quelque chose contre la toux ; she's being treated for depression elle suit un traitement contre la dépression ; a cure for Aids un remède contre le sida ; I sent it away for cleaning je l'ai renvoyé pour qu'il soit nettoyé ; I brought her home for you to meet her je l'ai amenée à la maison pour que tu puisses la rencontrer ; the bell rang for class to begin la cloche a sonné pour indiquer le début du cours ; for this to be feasible pour que ce soit réalisable ; more investment is needed for economic growth to occur il faut qu'il y ait plus d'investissements pour relancer la croissance économique ; the idea was for you to work it out yourself le but était que tu trouves ( subj) la réponse tout seul ;4 (as representative, member, employee of) pour, de ; to work for a company travailler pour une entreprise ; to play for France jouer pour la France ; the MP for Oxford le député d'Oxford ; Minister for Foreign Affairs ministre des Affaires étrangères ;5 ( indicating cause or reason) pour ; the reason for doing la raison pour laquelle on fait ; for this reason, I'd rather… pour cette raison je préfère… ; grounds for divorce/for hope des motifs de divorce/d'espoir ; to jump for joy sauter de joie ; imprisoned for murder emprisonné pour meurtre ; she left him for another man elle l'a quitté pour un autre homme ; famous for its wines réputé pour ses vins ; to praise sb for his actions féliciter qn pour ses actes ; she's been criticized for her views on lui a reproché ses opinions ; I was unable to sleep for the pain/the noise je ne pouvais pas dormir à cause de la douleur/du bruit ; the car is the worse for wear la voiture est abîmée ; if it weren't for her we wouldn't be here sans elle nous ne serions pas là ; if it hadn't been for the traffic jams, we'd have made it sans les embouteillages nous serions arrivés à temps ; the plant died for want of water la plante est morte parce qu'elle manquait d'eau ; she is annoyed with me for contradicting her elle m'en veut parce que je l'ai contredite ;6 ( indicating consequence) pour que (+ subj) ; it's too cold for her to go out il fait trop froid pour qu'elle sorte ; they spoke too quickly for us to understand ils parlaient trop vite pour que nous les comprenions ; she said it loudly enough for all to hear elle l'a dit suffisamment fort pour que tout le monde puisse entendre ; I haven't the patience ou enough patience for sewing je n'ai pas la patience qu'il faut pour coudre ; there's not enough time for us to have a drink nous n'avons pas le temps de prendre un verre ;7 ( indicating person's attitude) pour ; to be easy for sb to do être facile pour qn de faire ; for her it's almost like a betrayal pour elle c'est presque une trahison ; the film was too earnest for me le film était trop sérieux pour moi ; it was a shock for him ça a été un choc pour lui ; what counts for them is… ce qui compte pour eux c'est… ; living in London is not for me je ne suis pas fait pour vivre à Londres, vivre à Londres, très peu pour moi ○ ! ; that's good enough for me! ça me suffit! ;8 ( stressing particular feature) pour ; for further information write to… pour plus de renseignements écrivez à… ; I buy it for flavour/freshness je l'achète pour le goût/la fraîcheur ; for efficiency, there is no better system pour ce qui est de l'efficacité il n'y a pas de meilleur système ;9 ( considering) pour ; to be mature for one's age être mûr pour son âge ; she's very young for a doctor elle est très jeune pour un médecin ; it's warm for the time of year il fait chaud pour la saison ; it's not a bad wine for the price ce vin n'est pas mauvais pour le prix ; suitably dressed for the climate habillé comme il faut pour le climat ;10 ( towards) pour ; to have admiration/respect for sb avoir de l'admiration/du respect pour qn ; to feel sorry for sb avoir de la peine pour qn ; to feel contempt for sb mépriser qn ;11 ( on behalf of) pour ; to be delighted/pleased for sb être ravi/content pour qn ; to be anxious for sb être inquiet pour qn ; say hello to him for me dis-lui bonjour de ma part ; I can't do it for you je ne peux pas le faire à ta place ; let her answer for herself laisse-la répondre elle-même ; I speak for everyone here je parle au nom de toutes les personnes ici présentes ;12 ( as regards) to be a stickler for punctuality être à cheval sur la ponctualité ; she's a great one for jokes on peut toujours compter sur elle pour raconter des blagues ; to be all right for money avoir assez d'argent ; luckily for her heureusement pour elle ;13 ( indicating duration) ( taking account of past events) depuis ; ( stressing expected duration) pour ; ( stressing actual duration) pendant ; this is the best show I've seen for years c'est le meilleur spectacle que j'aie vu depuis des années ; we've been together for 2 years nous sommes ensemble depuis 2 ans, ça fait 2 ans que nous sommes ensemble ; she hasn't slept for a week elle n'a pas dormi depuis une semaine, ça fait une semaine qu'elle n'a pas dormi ; they hadn't seen each other for 10 years ils ne s'étaient pas vus depuis 10 ans, ça faisait 10 ans qu'ils ne s'étaient pas vus ; she's off to Paris for the weekend elle va à Paris pour le week-end ; I'm going to Spain for 6 months je vais en Espagne pour 6 mois ; they are stored in the cellar for the winter ils sont entreposés dans la cave pour l'hiver ; will he be away for long? est-ce qu'il sera absent longtemps? ; you can stay for a year vous pouvez rester un an ; to be away for a year être absent pendant un an ; they were married for 25 years ils ont été mariés pendant 25 ans ; he hasn't been seen for several days on ne l'a pas vu depuis plusieurs jours ; she remained silent for a few moments elle est restée silencieuse pendant quelques instants ; I was in Paris for 2 weeks j'étais à Paris pendant 2 semaines ; to last for hours durer des heures ;14 ( indicating a deadline) pour ; ( in negative constructions) avant ; it will be ready for Saturday ça sera prêt pour samedi ; when is the essay for? la rédaction, c'est pour quand? ; the car won't be ready for another 6 weeks la voiture ne sera pas prête avant 6 semaines ; you don't have to decide for a week yet tu n'as pas à prendre ta décision avant une semaine ;15 ( on the occasion of) pour ; to go to China for Christmas aller en Chine pour Noël ; invited for Easter invité pour Pâques ; he got a bike for his birthday il a eu un vélo pour son anniversaire ;16 ( indicating scheduled time) pour ; the summit scheduled for next month le sommet prévu pour le mois prochain ; that's all for now c'est tout pour le moment ; I'd like an appointment for Monday je voudrais un rendez-vous pour lundi ; I have an appointment for 4 pm j'ai rendez-vous à 16h 00 ; it's time for bed c'est l'heure d'aller au lit ; now for some fun/food! on va s'amuser/manger! ;17 ( indicating distance) pendant ; to drive for miles rouler pendant des kilomètres ; lined with trees for 3 km bordé d'arbres pendant or sur 3 km ; the last shop for 30 miles le dernier magasin avant 50 kilomètres ; there is nothing but desert for miles around on ne voit que le désert à des kilomètres à la ronde ;18 ( indicating destination) pour ; a ticket for Dublin un billet pour Dublin ; the train leaves for London le train part pour Londres ; to leave for work partir travailler ; to head for the beach partir à la plage ; to swim for the shore nager vers la rive ;19 (indicating cost, value) pour ; it was sold for £100 ça s'est vendu (pour) 100 livres sterling ; they bought the car for £6,000 ils ont acheté la voiture pour 6 000 livres sterling ; 10 apples for £1 10 pommes pour une livre sterling ; he'll fix it for £10 il le réparera pour 10 livres sterling ; I wouldn't do it for anything! je ne le ferais pour rien au monde! ; you paid too much for that dress! tu as payé cette robe trop cher! ; I'll let you have it for £20 je vous le laisse à 20 livres sterling ; a cheque for £20 un chèque de 20 livres sterling ; to exchange sth for sth else échanger qch contre qch d'autre ; ⇒ nothing ;20 ( in favour of) to be for être pour [peace, divorce, reunification] ; to be all for it être tout à fait pour ; I'm for going to a nightclub je suis pour qu'on aille en boîte ○ ; who's for a game of football? qui veut jouer au football? ;21 ( stressing appropriateness) she's the person for the job elle est la personne qu'il faut pour le travail ; that's for us to decide c'est à nous de décider ; it's not for him to tell us what to do ce n'est pas à lui de nous dire ce qu'il faut faire ;22 ( in support of) en faveur de ; to vote for change voter en faveur de la réforme ; the argument for recycling l'argument en faveur du recyclage ; there's no evidence for that ce n'est absolument pas prouvé ;24 ( as part of ratio) pour ; one teacher for five pupils un professeur pour cinq élèves ; for every female judge there are ten male judges il y a une femme juge pour dix hommes juges ;25 ( equivalent to) T for Tom T comme Tom ; what's the French for ‘boot’? comment dit-on ‘boot’ en français? ; the technical term for it is ‘chloasma’ ‘chloasme’ c'est le terme technique ; what is CD for? qu'est-ce que CD veut dire? ; green is for go le vert veut dire qu'on a le droit de passer ;26 ( in explanations) for one thing… and for another… premièrement… et deuxièmement… ; for that matter d'ailleurs ; for example par exemple ; I, for one, agree with her en tout cas moi, je suis d'accord avec elle ;27 ( when introducing clauses) it would be unwise for us to generalize il serait imprudent pour nous de généraliser ; it's not convenient for them to come today ce n'est pas pratique pour eux de passer aujourd'hui ; the best thing would be for them to leave le mieux serait qu'ils s'en aillent ; it must have been serious for her to cancel the class cela a dû être grave pour qu'elle annule ( subj) le cours ; there's nothing worse than for someone to spy on you il n'y a rien de pire que quelqu'un qui t'espionne ; there's no need for people to get upset il n'y a pas de quoi s'énerver ;28 ( after) to name a child for sb donner à un enfant le nom de qn.oh for a nice hot bath! je rêve d'un bon bain chaud! ; I'll be (in) for it if… ○ GB ça va être ma fête si… ○ ; right, you're for it ○ ! GB bon, ça va être ta fête ○ ! ; to have it in for sb ○ avoir qn dans le collimateur ○ ; that's adolescents for you! que voulez-vous, c'est ça les adolescents! ; there's gratitude for you! c'est comme ça qu'on me (or vous etc) remercie!, quelle ingratitude! -
2 medicare vt
[medi'kare](paziente) to treat, (ferita) to dress -
3 medicare
vt [medi'kare](paziente) to treat, (ferita) to dress -
4 regresar
v.1 to give back. ( Latin American Spanish salvo River Plate)2 to go back, to return (yendo).¿cuándo regresará? when will she be back?regresó a su casa después de dos meses en el extranjero she returned home after two months abroadMaría tornó ayer Mary returned yesterday.3 to come back, to return.* * *1 to return, come back, go back* * *verb* * *1.VI (=venir) to return, come back; (=irse) to return, go back2.VT LAm to give back, return3.See:* * *1.verbo intransitivo to return, come/go back2.regresar vt (AmL exc CS)a) <libro/llaves> to return, give backme regresaron la carta — the letter was sent back o returned to me
b) < persona> to send...back3.regresarse v pron (AmL exc RPl) to return, go/come back* * *= return, get back, come back, be back.Ex. Returning to government agencies, some agencies are treated as subordinate to a government, whilst others are entered independently.Ex. I have been off on vacation and just got back.Ex. He wondered whether to chase after Duff and order him to come back or wait and see him later, after she had regained her composure.Ex. Which means I'd give the whole shooting match just to be back where I was before I quit sleeping under the stars and come into the hen-coops.----* encontrar el modo de regresar = find + Posesivo + way back.* regresar a = move back to, roll back to, head back to.* regresar a casa = go + home again.* regresar al principio = go back to + square one, be back to square one.* * *1.verbo intransitivo to return, come/go back2.regresar vt (AmL exc CS)a) <libro/llaves> to return, give backme regresaron la carta — the letter was sent back o returned to me
b) < persona> to send...back3.regresarse v pron (AmL exc RPl) to return, go/come back* * *= return, get back, come back, be back.Ex: Returning to government agencies, some agencies are treated as subordinate to a government, whilst others are entered independently.
Ex: I have been off on vacation and just got back.Ex: He wondered whether to chase after Duff and order him to come back or wait and see him later, after she had regained her composure.Ex: Which means I'd give the whole shooting match just to be back where I was before I quit sleeping under the stars and come into the hen-coops.* encontrar el modo de regresar = find + Posesivo + way back.* regresar a = move back to, roll back to, head back to.* regresar a casa = go + home again.* regresar al principio = go back to + square one, be back to square one.* * *regresar [A1 ]vito return, come/go backregresó muy tarde anoche she came o got back o returned very late last nightno sé cuándo va a regresar I don't know when he'll be back■ regresarvt( AmL exc CS)1 ‹libro/llaves› to return, give backregrésame el libro que te presté can you give me back o return the book I lent you?se olvidó de regresarme el cambio she forgot to give me my changeme regresaron la carta the letter was sent back o returned to me2 ‹persona› to send … backfueron regresados por inmigración they were sent back by the immigration authoritieslo regresaron del colegio he was sent home from school( AmL exc RPl) to return, go/come backse regresó a pie a su casa he went o returned home on footregrésate y recógelo come/go back and pick it upestaba en Roma pero ya se regresó she was in Rome but she's back now* * *
regresar ( conjugate regresar) verbo intransitivo
to return, come/go back;
verbo transitivo (AmL exc CS)
regresarse verbo pronominal (AmL exc RPl) to return, go/come back;
regresar verbo intransitivo to return
(a un lugar lejano) to go back
(al punto de partida) to come back
' regresar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
volver
- volverse
- devolver
- siempre
- tornar
English:
get back
- go back
- long
- return
- slip back
- turn back
- whip back
- get
- pay
- report
- turn
* * *♦ vi[yendo] to go back, to return; [viniendo] to come back, to return;¿cuándo regresará? when will she be back?;regresó a su casa después de dos meses en el extranjero she returned home after two months abroad♦ vtAm salvo RP1. [objeto] [devolver] to give back2. [persona] [mandar de vuelta] to send back* * *I v/i returnII v/t Méxreturn, give back* * *regresar vtdevolver: to give backregresar vi: to return, to come back, to go back* * *regresar vb to return / to go back -
5 go
I 1. [gəʊ]1) (move, travel) andareto go to London, to the States, to Ireland — andare a Londra, negli Stati Uniti, in Irlanda
to go to town, to the country — andare in città, in campagna
to go up, down, across — salire, scendere, attraversare
to go by train, plane — andare o viaggiare in treno, aereo
to go by o past [person, vehicle] passare, superare; there he goes again! (that's him again) rieccolo là! fig. (he's starting again) eccolo che ricomincia! where do we go from here? — fig. e adesso cosa facciamo?
2) (on specific errand, activity) andareto go for a walk, a drink — andare a fare una passeggiata, a bere qualcosa
to go on holiday, on a journey — andare in vacanza, a fare un viaggio
3) (attend) andareto go to work — andare a lavorare o al lavoro
5) (depart) andare, partireI must go, I must be going — devo andare
6) eufem. (die) morire, dipartirsiwhen I am gone — quando me ne sarò andato o non sarò più qui
7) (disappear) partire, andare8) (be sent, transmitted)9) (become)to go red — arrossire, diventare rosso
to go white — diventare bianco, imbiancare
to go Labour — pol. [country, constituency] votare per il partito laburista
11) (be, remain)we went for two days without food — siamo stati digiuni per due giorni o due giorni senza mangiare
12) (weaken)his voice, hearing is going — sta perdendo la voce, sta diventando sordo
13) (elapse) passare, trascorrerethree hours went by before... — passarono tre ore prima che...
14) (be got rid of)either she goes or I do! — o se ne va lei, o me ne vado io o lo faccio io!
15) (operate, function) [vehicle, machine, clock] andare, funzionareto set sth. going — mettere in funzione o in moto qcs.
to get going — [engine, machine] mettersi in moto; fig. [ business] avviarsi, decollare
to keep going — [ person] tenere duro; [ machine] continuare a funzionare; [ business] continuare ad andare bene
16) (start)to get things going — darci dentro, muoversi
ready, steady, go! — pronti, partenza, via!
here goes! here we go! forza! ci siamo! once he gets going, he never stops — una volta partito, non si ferma più o non lo ferma più nessuno
17) (lead) andare, condurre, portarethe road goes down to the sea, goes up the mountain — la strada scende verso il mare, sale verso la montagna
to go very deep — [ roots] andare molto profondo; [reasons, habits] avere radici profonde, risalire a molto tempo fa
this goes a long way towards explaining his attitude — questo contribuisce molto a spiegare il suo atteggiamento
19) (belong, be placed) andare20) (fit) entrare21) (be expressed)the story goes that — corre voce o si dice che
22) (be accepted)what he says goes — quello che dice lui, va bene
anything goes — tutto è permesso, qualsiasi cosa va bene
23) (be about to)it's going to snow — nevicherà, sta per nevicare
24) (happen)the way things are going... — da come vanno le cose...
how are things going? how's it going? — colloq. come vanno le cose? come va?
how goes it? — scherz. come va?
25) (be on average)it's old, as Australian towns go — per essere una città australiana, è vecchia
it wasn't a bad party, as parties go — non è stata una brutta festa rispetto alla media
26) (be sold)to go for over Ј 100,000 — andare o essere venduto per oltre 100.000 sterline
"going, going, gone!" — (at auction) "centomila, ecc. e uno, centomila, ecc. e due, centomila, ecc. e tre, aggiudicato!"
27) (be on offer)I'll have some coffee, if there's any going — prenderò un caffè, se ce n'è
28) (contribute)29) (be given) [award, job] andare; [estate, inheritance, title] andare, passareto go to charity — [ money] andare in beneficenza
30) (emphatic use)then he had to go and lose his wallet — come se non bastasse, ha anche perso il portafoglio
31) (be spent)32) (make sound, perform action or movement) fare; [bell, alarm] suonarethe cat went "miaow" — il gatto ha fatto "miao"
so he goes "what about my money?" — colloq. poi fa "e i miei soldi?"
33) (resort to)to go to war — [ country] entrare in guerra; [ soldier] andare in guerra
to go to law — BE o
to the law — AE ricorrere alla giustizia
34) (break, collapse) [ roof] sfondarsi; [cable, rope] spezzarsi, cedere; [ light bulb] bruciarsiyou go first — prima tu, dopo di te
36) AE (in takeaway)2.we had gone ten miles before we realized that... — abbiamo fatto dieci miglia prima di accorgerci che...
- go about- go after- go ahead- go along- go at- go away- go back- go below- go by- go down- go for- go in- go into- go off- go on- go on at- go out- go over- go round- go under- go up- go with••to go one better than sb. — fare meglio di o superare qcn.
II [gəʊ]there you go! — colloq. voilà!
it's your go — è il tuo turno, tocca a te
to have a go at sth. — provare a o tentare di fare qcs.
2) colloq. (energy) entusiasmo m.to be full of go, to be all go — essere pieno di energia o vita
••to have a go at sb. — prendersela con qcn.
to make a go of sth. — fare un successo di qcs.
he's always on the go — è sempre in movimento, non si ferma mai
in one go — in un colpo solo, in una volta
* * *[ɡəu] 1. 3rd person singular present tense - goes; verb1) (to walk, travel, move etc: He is going across the field; Go straight ahead; When did he go out?) andare2) (to be sent, passed on etc: Complaints have to go through the proper channels.) passare3) (to be given, sold etc: The prize goes to John Smith; The table went for $100.) andare; essere venduto4) (to lead to: Where does this road go?) andare5) (to visit, to attend: He goes to school every day; I decided not to go to the movie.) andare6) (to be destroyed etc: This wall will have to go.) andarsene7) (to proceed, be done: The meeting went very well.) scorrere8) (to move away: I think it is time you were going.) partire9) (to disappear: My purse has gone!) scomparire10) (to do (some action or activity): I'm going for a walk; I'm going hiking next week-end.) andare11) (to fail etc: I think the clutch on this car has gone.) cedere12) (to be working etc: I don't think that clock is going.) camminare, funzionare13) (to become: These apples have gone bad.) diventare14) (to be: Many people in the world regularly go hungry.) andare15) (to be put: Spoons go in that drawer.) passare16) (to pass: Time goes quickly when you are enjoying yourself.) essere permesso17) (to be used: All her pocket-money goes on sweets.) fare18) (to be acceptable etc: Anything goes in this office.) essere19) (to make a particular noise: Dogs go woof, not miaow.) andare20) (to have a particular tune etc: How does that song go?) fare21) (to become successful etc: She always makes a party go.) riuscire2. noun1) (an attempt: I'm not sure how to do it, but I'll have a go.) prova, tentativo2) (energy: She's full of go.) energia•- going3. adjective1) (successful: That shop is still a going concern.) fiorente2) (in existence at present: the going rate for typing manuscripts.) corrente•- go-ahead4. noun(permission: We'll start as soon as we get the go-ahead.) (il) via- going-over
- goings-on
- no-go
- all go
- be going on for
- be going on
- be going strong
- from the word go
- get going
- give the go-by
- go about
- go after
- go against
- go along
- go along with
- go around
- go around with
- go at
- go back
- go back on
- go by
- go down
- go far
- go for
- go in
- go in for
- go into
- go off
- go on
- go on at
- go out
- go over
- go round
- go slow
- go steady
- go through
- go through with
- go too far
- go towards
- go up
- go up in smoke/flames
- go with
- go without
- keep going
- make a go of something
- make a go
- on the go* * *I 1. [gəʊ]1) (move, travel) andareto go to London, to the States, to Ireland — andare a Londra, negli Stati Uniti, in Irlanda
to go to town, to the country — andare in città, in campagna
to go up, down, across — salire, scendere, attraversare
to go by train, plane — andare o viaggiare in treno, aereo
to go by o past [person, vehicle] passare, superare; there he goes again! (that's him again) rieccolo là! fig. (he's starting again) eccolo che ricomincia! where do we go from here? — fig. e adesso cosa facciamo?
2) (on specific errand, activity) andareto go for a walk, a drink — andare a fare una passeggiata, a bere qualcosa
to go on holiday, on a journey — andare in vacanza, a fare un viaggio
3) (attend) andareto go to work — andare a lavorare o al lavoro
5) (depart) andare, partireI must go, I must be going — devo andare
6) eufem. (die) morire, dipartirsiwhen I am gone — quando me ne sarò andato o non sarò più qui
7) (disappear) partire, andare8) (be sent, transmitted)9) (become)to go red — arrossire, diventare rosso
to go white — diventare bianco, imbiancare
to go Labour — pol. [country, constituency] votare per il partito laburista
11) (be, remain)we went for two days without food — siamo stati digiuni per due giorni o due giorni senza mangiare
12) (weaken)his voice, hearing is going — sta perdendo la voce, sta diventando sordo
13) (elapse) passare, trascorrerethree hours went by before... — passarono tre ore prima che...
14) (be got rid of)either she goes or I do! — o se ne va lei, o me ne vado io o lo faccio io!
15) (operate, function) [vehicle, machine, clock] andare, funzionareto set sth. going — mettere in funzione o in moto qcs.
to get going — [engine, machine] mettersi in moto; fig. [ business] avviarsi, decollare
to keep going — [ person] tenere duro; [ machine] continuare a funzionare; [ business] continuare ad andare bene
16) (start)to get things going — darci dentro, muoversi
ready, steady, go! — pronti, partenza, via!
here goes! here we go! forza! ci siamo! once he gets going, he never stops — una volta partito, non si ferma più o non lo ferma più nessuno
17) (lead) andare, condurre, portarethe road goes down to the sea, goes up the mountain — la strada scende verso il mare, sale verso la montagna
to go very deep — [ roots] andare molto profondo; [reasons, habits] avere radici profonde, risalire a molto tempo fa
this goes a long way towards explaining his attitude — questo contribuisce molto a spiegare il suo atteggiamento
19) (belong, be placed) andare20) (fit) entrare21) (be expressed)the story goes that — corre voce o si dice che
22) (be accepted)what he says goes — quello che dice lui, va bene
anything goes — tutto è permesso, qualsiasi cosa va bene
23) (be about to)it's going to snow — nevicherà, sta per nevicare
24) (happen)the way things are going... — da come vanno le cose...
how are things going? how's it going? — colloq. come vanno le cose? come va?
how goes it? — scherz. come va?
25) (be on average)it's old, as Australian towns go — per essere una città australiana, è vecchia
it wasn't a bad party, as parties go — non è stata una brutta festa rispetto alla media
26) (be sold)to go for over Ј 100,000 — andare o essere venduto per oltre 100.000 sterline
"going, going, gone!" — (at auction) "centomila, ecc. e uno, centomila, ecc. e due, centomila, ecc. e tre, aggiudicato!"
27) (be on offer)I'll have some coffee, if there's any going — prenderò un caffè, se ce n'è
28) (contribute)29) (be given) [award, job] andare; [estate, inheritance, title] andare, passareto go to charity — [ money] andare in beneficenza
30) (emphatic use)then he had to go and lose his wallet — come se non bastasse, ha anche perso il portafoglio
31) (be spent)32) (make sound, perform action or movement) fare; [bell, alarm] suonarethe cat went "miaow" — il gatto ha fatto "miao"
so he goes "what about my money?" — colloq. poi fa "e i miei soldi?"
33) (resort to)to go to war — [ country] entrare in guerra; [ soldier] andare in guerra
to go to law — BE o
to the law — AE ricorrere alla giustizia
34) (break, collapse) [ roof] sfondarsi; [cable, rope] spezzarsi, cedere; [ light bulb] bruciarsiyou go first — prima tu, dopo di te
36) AE (in takeaway)2.we had gone ten miles before we realized that... — abbiamo fatto dieci miglia prima di accorgerci che...
- go about- go after- go ahead- go along- go at- go away- go back- go below- go by- go down- go for- go in- go into- go off- go on- go on at- go out- go over- go round- go under- go up- go with••to go one better than sb. — fare meglio di o superare qcn.
II [gəʊ]there you go! — colloq. voilà!
it's your go — è il tuo turno, tocca a te
to have a go at sth. — provare a o tentare di fare qcs.
2) colloq. (energy) entusiasmo m.to be full of go, to be all go — essere pieno di energia o vita
••to have a go at sb. — prendersela con qcn.
to make a go of sth. — fare un successo di qcs.
he's always on the go — è sempre in movimento, non si ferma mai
in one go — in un colpo solo, in una volta
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6 go
go ⇒ Usage note: go1 (move, travel) aller (from de ; to à, en) ; to go to London/Paris aller à Londres/Paris ; to go to Wales/to Ireland/to California aller au Pays de Galles/en Irlande/en Californie ; to go to town/to the country aller en ville/à la campagne ; they went home ils sont rentrés chez eux ; she's gone to Paris elle est allée à Paris ; to go up/down/across monter/descendre/traverser ; I went into the room je suis entré dans la pièce ; to go by bus/train/plane voyager en bus/train/avion ; we went there by bus nous y sommes allés en bus ; to go by ou past [person, vehicle] passer ; that car's going very fast! cette voiture roule très vite! ; there he goes again! ( that's him again) le revoilà! ; fig ( he's starting again) le voilà qui recommence!, c'est reparti! ; who goes there? Mil qui va là? ; where do we go from here? fig et maintenant qu'est-ce qu'on fait? ;2 (on specific errand, activity) aller ; to go shopping aller faire des courses ; to go swimming (in sea, river) aller se baigner ; ( in pool) aller à la piscine ; to go for a walk aller se promener ; to go on a journey/on holiday partir en voyage/en vacances ; to go for a drink aller prendre un verre ; he's gone to get some wine il est allé chercher du vin ; go and answer the phone va répondre au téléphone ; go and tell them that… va leur dire que… ; go after him! poursuivez-le! ;3 ( attend) aller ; to go to school/ church aller à l'école/l'église ; to go to work aller or se rendre au travail ; to go to the doctor's/dentist's aller chez le médecin/dentiste ;4 ( used as auxiliary with present participle) she went running up the stairs elle a monté l'escalier en courant ; she went complaining to the principal elle est allée se plaindre au directeur ;5 ( depart) partir ; I must go, I must be going il faut que je parte or que je m'en aille ; the train goes at six o'clock le train part à six heures ; a train goes every hour il y a un train toutes les heures ; to go on holiday partir en vacances ; be gone! va-t'en!, allez-vous en! ;6 euph ( die) mourir, disparaître ; when I am gone quand je ne serai plus là ; the doctors say she could go at any time d'après les médecins elle risque de mourir d'un instant à l'autre ;7 ( disappear) partir ; half the money goes on school fees la moitié de l'argent part en frais de scolarité ; the money/cake has all gone il ne reste plus d'argent/de gâteau ; I left my bike outside and now it's gone j'ai laissé mon vélo dehors et il n'est plus là or il a disparu ; there goes my chance of winning! c'en est fait de mes chances de gagner! ;8 (be sent, transmitted) it can't go by post on ne peut pas l'envoyer par la poste ; these proposals will go before parliament ces propositions seront soumises au parlement ;9 ( become) to go red rougir ; to go white blanchir ; his hair ou he is going grey il commençe à avoir les cheveux blancs ; to go mad devenir fou/folle ; to go bankrupt faire faillite ;10 ( change over to new system) to go Labour/Conservative Pol [country, constituency] voter travailliste/conservateur ; to go metric adopter le système métrique ; ⇒ private, public ;11 (be, remain) the people went hungry les gens n'avaient rien à manger ; we went for two days without food nous avons passé deux jours sans rien manger ; to go unnoticed passer inaperçu ; to go unpunished rester impuni ; the question went unanswered la question est restée sans réponse ; to go naked se promener tout nu ; he was allowed to go free il a été libéré or remis en liberté ;12 (weaken, become impaired) his memory/mind is going il perd la mémoire/l'esprit ; his hearing is going il devient sourd ; my voice is going je n'ai plus de voix ; the battery is going la batterie est presque à plat ; the engine is going le moteur a des ratés ;13 ( of time) ( elapse) s'écouler ; three hours went by before… trois heures se sont écoulées avant que… (+ subj) ; there are only three days to go before Christmas il ne reste plus que trois jours avant Noël ; how's the time going? quelle heure est-il? ; it's just gone seven o'clock il est un peu plus de sept heures ;14 ( be got rid of) he's totally inefficient, he'll have to go! il est complètement incapable, il va falloir qu'on se débarrasse de lui! ; that new lampshade is hideous, it'll have to go! ce nouvel abat-jour est affreux, il va falloir qu'on s'en débarrasse! ; the car will have to go il va falloir vendre la voiture ; either she goes or I do! c'est elle ou moi! ; six down and four to go! six de faits, et encore quatre à faire! ;15 (operate, function) [vehicle, machine, clock] marcher, fonctionner ; to set [sth] going mettre [qch] en marche ; to get going [engine, machine] se mettre en marche ; fig [business] démarrer ; to get the fire going allumer le feu ; to keep going [person, business, machine] tenir le coup ○, se maintenir ; we have several projects going at the moment nous avons plusieurs projets en route en ce moment ; ⇒ keep ;16 ( start) let's get going! allons-y!, allez, on commençe! ; we'll have to get going on that translation il va falloir qu'on se mette à faire cette traduction ; to get things going mettre les choses en train ; ready, steady, go! à vos marques, prêts, partez! ; here goes!, here we go! c'est parti! ; once he gets going, he never stops une fois lancé, il n'arrête pas ;17 ( lead) aller, conduire, mener (to à) ; that corridor goes to the kitchen le couloir va or conduit à la cuisine ; the road goes down to the sea/goes up the mountain la route descend vers la mer/monte au sommet de la montagne ; this road goes past the cemetery ce chemin passe à côté du cimetière ;18 ( extend in depth or scope) the roots of the plant go very deep les racines de la plante s'enfoncent très profondément ; the historical reasons for this conflict go very deep les raisons historiques de ce conflit remontent très loin ; these habits go very deep ces habitudes sont profondément ancrées or enracinées ; as far as that goes pour ce qui est de cela ; it's true as far as it goes c'est vrai dans un sens or dans une certaine mesure ; she'll go far! elle ira loin! ; this time he's gone too far! cette fois il est allé trop loin! ; a hundred pounds doesn't go far these days on ne va pas loin avec cent livres sterling de nos jours ; one leg of lamb doesn't go very far among twelve people un gigot d'agneau n'est pas suffisant pour douze personnes ; this goes a long way towards explaining his attitude ceci explique en grande partie son attitude ; you can make £5 go a long way on peut faire beaucoup de choses avec 5 livres sterling ;19 (belong, be placed) aller ; where do these plates go? où vont ces assiettes? ; that table goes beside the bed cette table va à côté du lit ; the suitcases will have to go in the back il va falloir mettre les valises derrière ;20 ( fit) gen rentrer ; it won't go into the box ça ne rentre pas dans la boîte ; five into four won't go quatre n'est pas divisible par cinq ; three into six goes twice six divisé par trois, ça fait deux ;21 (be expressed, sung etc in particular way) I can't remember how the poem goes je n'arrive pas à me rappeler le poème ; how does the song go? quel est l'air de la chanson? ; the song goes something like this la chanson ressemble à peu près à ça ; as the saying goes comme dit le proverbe ; the story goes that le bruit court que, on dit que ; her theory goes something like this… sa théorie consiste à peu près à dire que… ;22 ( be accepted) what he says goes c'est lui qui fait la loi ; it goes without saying that il va sans dire que ; that goes without saying cela va sans dire ; anything goes tout est permis ;23 ( be about to) to be going to do aller faire ; it's going to snow il va neiger ; I was just going to phone you j'étais justement sur le point de t'appeler, j'allais justement t'appeler ; I'm going to phone him right now je vais l'appeler tout de suite ; I'm not going to be treated like that! je ne vais pas me laisser faire comme ça! ; we were going to go to Italy, but we changed our plans nous devions aller en Italie, mais nous avons changé d'idée ;24 ( happen) the party went very well la soirée s'est très bien passée ; so far the campaign is going well jusqu'à maintenant la campagne a bien marché ; how did the evening go? comment s'est passée la soirée? ; the way things are going, I don't think we'll ever get finished vu la façon dont les choses se passent or si ça continue comme ça, je pense qu'on n'aura jamais fini ; how's it going ○ ?, how are things going? comment ça va ○ ? ; how goes it? hum comment ça va ○ ?, comment va ◑ ? ;25 ( be on average) it's old, as Australian towns go c'est une ville assez vieille pour une ville australienne ; it wasn't a bad party, as parties go c'était une soirée plutôt réussie par rapport à la moyenne ;26 ( be sold) the house went for over £100,000 la maison a été vendue à plus de 100 000 livres ; we won't let the house go for less than £100,000 nous ne voulons pas vendre la maison à moins de 100 000 livres ; those rugs are going cheap ces tapis ne sont pas chers ; the house will go to the highest bidder la maison sera vendue au plus offrant ; ‘going, going, gone!’ ( at auction) ‘une fois, deux fois, trois fois, adjugé!’ ;27 ( be on offer) I'll have some coffee, if there's any going je prendrai bien un café, s'il y en a ; are there any drinks going? est-ce qu'il y a quelque chose à boire? ; I'll have whatever's going je prendrai ce qu'il y a ; it's the best machine going c'est la meilleure machine sur le marché ; there's a job going at their London office il y a un poste libre dans leur bureau de Londres ;28 ( contribute) the money will go towards a new roof l'argent servira à payer un nouveau toit ; the elements that go to make a great film les éléments qui font un bon film ; everything that goes to make a good teacher toutes les qualités d'un bon enseignant ;29 ( be given) [award, prize] aller (to à) ; [estate, inheritance, title] passer (to à) ; the money will go to charity les bénéfices iront aux bonnes œuvres ; most of the credit should go to the author la plus grande partie du mérite revient à l'auteur ; the job went to a local man le poste a été donné à un homme de la région ;30 ( emphatic use) she's gone and told everybody! elle est allée le dire à tout le monde! ; why did he go and spoil it? pourquoi est-il allé tout gâcher ? ; you've gone and ruined everything! tu t'es débrouillé pour tout gâcher! ; he went and won the competition! il s'est débrouillé pour gagner le concours! ; you've really gone and done it now! tu peux être fier de toi! iron ; then he had to go and lose his wallet comme s'il ne manquait plus que ça, il a perdu son portefeuille ;31 ( of money) (be spent, used up) all his money goes on drink tout son argent passe dans l'alcool ; most of his salary goes on rent la plus grande partie de son salaire passe dans le loyer ; I don't know where all my money goes (to)! je ne sais pas ce que je fais de mon argent! ;32 (make sound, perform action or movement) gen faire ; [bell, alarm] sonner ; the cat went ‘miaow’ le chat a fait ‘miaou’ ; wait until the bell goes attends que la cloche sonne ( subj) ; she went like this with her fingers elle a fait comme ça avec ses doigts ; so he goes ‘what about my money ○ ?’ et puis il dit or il fait, ‘et mon argent?’ ;33 (resort to, have recourse to) to go to war [country] entrer en guerre ; [soldier] partir à la guerre ; to go to law GB ou to the law US aller en justice ;34 (break, collapse etc) [roof] s'effondrer ; [cable, rope] se rompre, céder ; ( fuse) [light bulb] griller ;35 (bid, bet) aller ; I'll go as high as £100 j'irai jusqu'à 100 livres sterling ; I went up to £100 je suis allé jusqu'à 100 livres sterling ;36 ( take one's turn) you go next c'est ton tour après, c'est à toi après ; you go first après vous ;37 ( be in harmony) those two colours don't go together ces deux couleurs ne vont pas ensemble ; the curtains don't go with the carpet les rideaux ne vont pas avec le tapis ; white wine goes better with fish than red wine le vin blanc va mieux avec le poisson que le rouge ;38 ○ euph ( relieve oneself) aller aux toilettes ;1 ( travel) we had gone ten miles before we realized that… nous avions déjà fait dix kilomètres quand nous nous sommes rendu compte que… ; are you going my way? tu vas dans la même direction que moi? ; to go one's own way fig suivre son chemin ;2 ○ (bet, bid) I go two diamonds ( in cards) j'annonce deux carreaux ; he went £20 il a mis or parié 20 livres sterling.1 GB ( person's turn) tour m ; ( try) essai m ; it's your go ( in game) c'est ton tour, c'est à toi ; whose go is it? gen à qui le tour? ; ( in game) à qui de jouer? ; you've had two goes ( in game) tu as eu deux tours ; ( two attempts at mending sth) tu as déjà essayé deux fois ; to have a go at sth essayer de faire qch ; have another go! essaie encore une fois or un coup! ; she had several goes at the exam elle a repassé l'examen plusieurs fois ; I had to have several goes before passing j'ai dû m'y reprendre à plusieurs fois avant de réussir ;2 ○ ( energy) dynamisme m ; to be full of go, to be all go être très dynamique, avoir beaucoup d'allant ; he has no go in him il manque de dynamisme ;to have a go at sb s'en prendre à qn ; to make a go of sth réussir qch ; she's always on the go elle n'arrête jamais ; he's all go ○ ! il n'arrête pas! ; it's all the go ○ ! ça fait fureur! ; we have several different projects on the go at the moment nous avons plusieurs projets différents en chantier or en cours en ce moment ; (it's) no go! pas question! ; from the word go dès le départ ; that was a near go ○ ! on l'a échappé belle! ; in one go d'un seul coup ; to go one better than sb renchérir sur qn ; that's how it goes!, that's the way it goes! ainsi va le monde!, c'est la vie! ; there you go ○ ! voilà!■ go about:▶ go about1 = go around ;2 Naut virer de bord ; prepare to go about! parer à virer! ;▶ go about [sth]1 ( undertake) s'attaquer à [task] ; how do you go about writing a novel? comment est-ce que vous vous y prenez pour écrire un roman? ; he knows how to go about it il sait s'y prendre ;2 ( be busy with) to go about one's business vaquer à ses occupations ; she went about her work mechanically elle faisait son travail machinalement.■ go across:▶ go across traverser ; he's gone across to the shop/neighbour's il est allé au magasin en face/chez les voisins en face ;▶ go across [sth] traverser [street, river, bridge etc].■ go after:▶ go after [sth/sb]1 ( chase) poursuivre [person] ;2 fig ( try hard to get) he really went after that job il a fait tout son possible pour avoir ce travail.■ go against:▶ go against [sb/sth]1 ( prove unfavourable to) the vote/verdict/decision went against them le vote/le verdict/la décision leur a été défavorable or n'a pas été en leur faveur ; the war is going against them la guerre tourne à leur désavantage ;2 ( conflict with) être contraire à [rules, principles] ; to go against the trend aller à l'encontre de or être contraire à la tendance ; to go against the party line Pol ne pas être dans la ligne du parti ;3 (resist, oppose) s'opposer à, aller à l'inverse de [person, sb's wishes].■ go ahead1 ( go in front) go ahead, I'll follow you on partez devant, je vous suis ;2 fig ( proceed) go! ( in conversation) continue! ; go ahead and shoot! vas-y, tire! ; they are going ahead with the project ils ont décidé de mettre le projet en route ; we can go ahead without them nous pouvons continuer sans eux ; next week's strike is to go ahead la grève de la semaine prochaine va avoir lieu.■ go along1 ( move along) [person, vehicle] aller, avancer ; to make sth up as one goes along fig inventer qch au fur et à mesure ;2 ( attend) aller ; she went along as a witch elle y est allée déguisée en sorcière ; I went along as a witness j'y suis allé or je me suis présenté comme témoin.▶ go along with [sb/sth] être d'accord avec, accepter [plans, wishes] ; I can't go along with that je ne peux pas accepter ça ; I'll go along with you there je suis d'accord avec vous sur ce point.■ go around:1 (move, travel about) se promener, circuler ; to go around naked/barefoot se promener tout nu/pieds nus ; she goes around on a bicycle elle circule à bicyclette ; they go around everywhere together ils vont partout ensemble ;2 ( circulate) [rumour] courir ; there's a rumour going around that le bruit court que ; there's a virus going around il y a un virus qui traîne ; there isn't enough money to go around il n'y a pas assez d'argent pour tout le monde ;▶ go around [sth] faire le tour de [house, shops, area] ; to go around the world faire le tour du monde ; they went around the country looking for him ils l'ont cherché dans tout le pays.■ go at:▶ go at [sb] ( attack) attaquer, tomber sur ;▶ go at [sth] s'attaquer à, s'atteler à [task, activity].■ go away [person] partir ; to go away on holiday GB ou vacation US partir en vacances ; go away and leave me alone! va-t-en et laisse-moi tranquille! ; go away and think about it réfléchissez-y ; don't go away thinking that ne va pas croire que ; this cold/headache just won't go away! je n'arrive pas à me débarrasser de ce rhume/mal de tête! ; the problems aren't just going to go away! les problèmes ne vont pas disparaître tout seuls!■ go back1 ( return) retourner ; ( turn back) rebrousser chemin, faire demi-tour ; ( resume work) reprendre le travail ; (resume classes, studies) reprendre les cours ; as it was raining, they decided to go back comme il pleuvait, ils ont décidé de faire demi-tour or de rebrousser chemin ; they went back home ils sont rentrés chez eux ; let's go back to France rentrons en France ; to go back to the beginning recommencer ; to go back to sleep se rendormir ; to go back to work/writing se remettre au travail/à écrire ; go back! the path isn't safe reculez! le chemin est dangereux ; once you've committed yourself, there's no going back une fois que vous vous êtes engagé, vous ne pouvez plus reculer ;2 ( in time) remonter ; to go back in time remonter dans le temps ; to understand the problem we need to go back 20 years pour comprendre le problème il faut remonter 20 ans en arrière ; this tradition goes back a century cette tradition est vieille d'un siècle ; we go back a long way ça fait longtemps qu'on se connaît ;3 ( revert) revenir (to à) ; to go back to teaching revenir à l'enseignement ; to go back to being a student reprendre des études ; let's go back to what we were discussing yesterday revenons à ce que dont nous parlions hier.■ go back on:▶ go back on [sth] revenir sur [promise, decision].■ go before:▶ go before ( go in front) aller au devant ; fig ( in time) se passer avant ; all that had gone before tout ce qui s'était passé avant ;▶ go before [sb/sth] [person] comparaître devant [court, judge] ; the bill went before parliament le projet de loi a été soumis au parlement.■ go by:▶ go by [person] passer ; [time] passer, s'écouler ; as time goes by avec le temps ; don't let such opportunities go by il ne faut pas laisser passer de telles occasions ;▶ go by [sth]1 ( judge by) juger d'après ; to go by appearances juger d'après or sur les apparences ; going by her looks, I'd say she was about 30 à la voir, je lui donne 30 ans ; you mustn't go by what you read in the papers il ne faut pas croire tout ce que disent les journaux ; if the trailer is anything to go by, it should be a good film à en juger par la bande-annonce, ça doit être un bon film ; if the father is anything to go by, I wouldn't like to meet the son! quand on voit le père, on n'a pas envie de rencontrer le fils! ;2 ( proceed by) to go by the rules suivre or observer le règlement ; promotion goes by seniority la promotion se fait à l'ancienneté or en fonction de l'ancienneté.■ go down:▶ go down1 ( descend) gen descendre ; [diver] effectuer une plongée ; to go down to the cellar descendre à la cave ; to go down to the beach aller à la plage ; to go down to the pub aller au pub ; they've gone down to Brighton for a few days ils sont allés passer quelques jours à Brighton ; ‘going down!’ ( in elevator) ‘on descend!’ ; to go down on one's knees se mettre à genoux ;2 ( fall) [person, aircraft] tomber ; ( sink) [ship] couler, sombrer ; [person] couler, disparaître sous les flots ; most of the passengers went down with the ship la plupart des passagers ont coulé avec le navire ; the plane went down in flames l'avion s'est écrasé en flammes ; the plane went down over Normandy/the Channel l'avion s'est écrasé en Normandie/est tombé dans la Manche ; to go down for the third time [drowning person] disparaître sous les flots et se noyer ;3 [sun] se coucher ;4 ( be received) to go down well/badly être bien/mal reçu ; this remark didn't go down at all well cette remarque n'a pas été appréciée du tout ; his jokes went down well/didn't go down well with the audience le public a apprécié/n'a pas beaucoup apprécié ses plaisanteries ; another cup of coffee would go down nicely! une autre tasse de café serait la bienvenue! ;5 ( be swallowed) it went down the wrong way c'est passé de travers ;6 ( become lower) [water level, temperature] baisser ; [tide] descendre ; [price, standard] baisser ; ( abate) [storm, wind] se calmer ; [fire] s'éteindre ; the river has/the floods have gone down le niveau de la rivière/des inondations a baissé ; foodstuffs are going down (in price) les produits alimentaires deviennent moins chers ;8 GB Univ ( break up for holiday) terminer les cours ; ( leave university permanently) quitter l'université ; when do you go down? quand est-ce que vous êtes en vacances? ;9 gen, Sport (fail, be defeated) perdre ; ( be downgraded) redescendre ; Corby went down 6-1 to Oxford Corby a perdu 6-1 contre Oxford ; the team has gone down to the second division l'équipe est redescendue en deuxième division ;10 ( be remembered) he will go down as a great statesman on se souviendra de lui comme d'un grand homme d'État ;11 ( be recorded) être noté ; it all goes down in her diary elle note tout dans son journal ;12 ( continue) the book goes down to 1939 le livre va jusqu'en 1939 ; if you go down to the second last line you will see that si vous regardez à l'avant-dernière ligne, vous verrez que ;13 ( be stricken) to go down with flu/malaria attraper la grippe/la malaria ;14 ○ GB ( be sent to prison) être envoyé en prison ;15 Comput [computer, system] tomber en panne ;▶ go down [sth]■ go down on:▶ go down on [sth] ( set) [sun] se coucher sur ; when the sun went down on the Roman Empire fig quand l'empire romain commençait à décliner ;■ go for:▶ go for [sb/sth]1 ○ (favour, have liking for) craquer ○ pour [person, physical type] ; aimer [style of music, literature etc] ; he really goes for blondes il craque ○ pour or il adore les blondes ; I don't go much for modern art je ne suis pas emballé ○ par l'art moderne, je n'aime pas tellement l'art moderne ;2 ( apply to) être valable pour, s'appliquer à ; that goes for all of you! c'est valable pour tout le monde! ; the same goes for him c'est valable pour lui aussi!, ça s'applique à lui aussi! ;▶ go for [sb]1 ( attack) ( physically) attaquer, tomber sur ; ( verbally) attaquer, s'en prendre à [person] ; the two youths went for him les deux jeunes l'ont attaqué or lui ont sauté dessus ; to go for sb's throat [animal] attaquer qn à la gorge ; she really went for him! (in argument, row) elle l'a vraiment incendié!, elle s'en est prise violemment à lui! ;2 he has a lot going for him il a beaucoup de choses pour lui ;▶ go for [sth]1 ( attempt to achieve) essayer d'obtenir [honour, victory] ; she's going for the gold medal/world record elle vise la médaille d'or/le record mondial ; go for it ○ ! vas-y, fonce ○ ! ; the company is going for a new image l'entreprise cherche à se donner une nouvelle image ; the team is going for a win against Italy l'équipe compte bien gagner contre l'Italie ;2 ( choose) choisir, prendre ; I'll go for the blue one je prendrai le bleu.■ go forth sout [person] ( go out) sortir ; ( go forward) aller, avancer ; go forth and multiply allez et multipliez-vous.■ go forward(s) avancer.■ go in1 ( enter) entrer ; ( go back in) rentrer ;3 ( disappear) [sun, moon] se cacher.■ go in for:▶ go in for [sth]1 ( be keen on) aimer [sport, hobby etc] ; I don't go in for sports much je n'aime pas tellement le sport ; he goes in for opera in a big way il adore l'opéra, c'est un fou d'opéra ○ ; we don't go in for that sort of thing nous n'aimons pas ce genre de chose ; they don't go in much for foreign languages at Ben's school ils ne s'intéressent pas beaucoup aux langues étrangères dans l'école de Ben ;2 ( take up) to go in for teaching entrer dans l'enseignement ; to go in for politics se lancer dans la politique ;3 ( take part in) s'inscrire à [exam, competition].■ go into:▶ go into [sth]1 ( enter) entrer dans ; fig ( take up) se lancer dans ; to go into hospital entrer à l'hôpital ; to go into parliament entrer au parlement ; to go into politics/business se lancer dans la politique/les affaires ;2 (examine, investigate) étudier ; we need to go into the question of funding il faut que nous étudiions la question du financement ;3 (explain, describe) I won't go into why I did it je n'expliquerai pas pourquoi je l'ai fait ; let's not go into that now laissons cela de côté pour l'instant ;4 ( launch into) se lancer dans ; she went into a long explanation of what had happened elle s'est lancée dans une longue explication de ce qui s'était passé ;5 ( be expended) a lot of work/money went into this project beaucoup de travail/d'argent a été investi dans ce projet ; a lot of effort went into organizing the party l'organisation de la soirée a demandé beaucoup de travail ;6 ( hit) [car, driver] rentrer dans, heurter ; the car went into a lamp post la voiture est rentrée dans or a heurté un réverbère.■ go in with:▶ go in with [sb] se joindre à [person, ally, organization] ; he went in with us to buy the present il s'est mis avec nous pour acheter le cadeau.■ go off:▶ go off2 [alarm clock] sonner ; [fire alarm] se déclencher ;3 ( depart) partir, s'en aller ; he went off to work il est parti au travail ; she went off to find a spade elle est allée chercher une pelle ; they went off together ils sont partis ensemble ;4 GB ( go bad) [milk, cream] tourner ; [meat] s'avarier ; [butter] rancir ; ( deteriorate) [performer, athlete etc] perdre sa forme ; [work] se dégrader ; ( lose one's attractiveness) [person] être moins beau/belle qu'avant ; he used to be very handsome, but he's gone off a bit il était très beau, mais il est moins bien maintenant ; the first part of the film was good, but after that it went off la première partie du film était bien, mais après ça s'est dégradé ;5 ○ ( fall asleep) s'endormir ;6 ( cease to operate) [lights, heating] s'éteindre ;7 (happen, take place) [evening, organized event] se passer ; the concert went off very well le concert s'est très bien passé ;8 Theat quitter la scène ;▶ go off [sb/sth] GB I used to like him but I've gone off him je l'aimais bien avant, mais je ne l'aime plus tellement ; I've gone off opera/whisky je n'aime plus tellement l'opéra/le whisky ; I think she's gone off the idea je crois qu'elle a renoncé à l'idée.■ go off with:▶ go off with [sb/sth] partir avec [person, money] ; she went off with all his money elle est partie avec tout son argent ; who's gone off with my pen? qui a pris mon stylo?■ go on:▶ go on1 (happen, take place) se passer ; what's going on? qu'est-ce qui se passe? ; there's a party going on upstairs il y a une fête en haut ; how long has this been going on? depuis combien de temps est-ce que ça dure? ; a lot of stealing goes on il y a beaucoup de vols ; a lot of drinking goes on at Christmas time les gens boivent beaucoup à Noël ;2 ( continue on one's way) poursuivre son chemin ;3 ( continue) continuer ; go on with your work continuez votre travail, continuez de travailler ; go on looking continuez à or de chercher ; she went on speaking elle a continué de parler ; go on, we're all listening! continue, nous t'écoutons tous! ; ‘and another thing,’ she went on, ‘you're always late’ ‘et autre chose,’ a-t-elle ajouté, ‘vous êtes toujours en retard’ ; if he goes on like this, he'll get into trouble! s'il continue comme ça, il va s'attirer des ennuis ; we can't go on like this! nous ne pouvons pas continuer comme ça! ; life must go on la vie continue ; the meeting went on into the afternoon la réunion s'est prolongée jusque dans l'après-midi ; you can't go on being a pen pusher all your life! tu ne peux pas rester gratte-papier toute ta vie! ; the list goes on and on la liste est infinie or interminable ; that's enough to be going on with ça suffit pour le moment ; have you got enough work to be going on with? est-ce que tu as assez de travail pour le moment? ; here's £20 to be going on with voici 20 livres pour te dépanner ; go on (with you) ○ ! allons donc! ;4 ( of time) ( elapse) as time went on, they… avec le temps, ils… ; as the evening went on, he became more animated au fur et à mesure que la soirée avançait, il devenait plus animé ;5 ( keep talking) to go on about sth ne pas arrêter de parler de qch, parler de qch à n'en plus finir ; he was going on about the war il parlait de la guerre à n'en plus finir ; don't go on about it! arrête de parler de ça!, change de disque! ; she went on and on about it elle en a fait toute une histoire ; he does tend to go on a bit! il a tendance à radoter ○ ! ; the way she goes on, you'd think she was an expert on the subject! à l'entendre, on croirait qu'elle est experte en la matière! ;6 ( proceed) passer ; let's go on to the next item passons au point suivant ; he went on to say that/describe how puis il a dit que/décrit comment ;7 ( go into operation) [heating, lights] s'allumer ;8 Theat entrer en scène ; what time do you go on? à quelle heure est-ce que vous entrez en scène? ;9 ( approach) it's going on three o'clock il est presque trois heures ; she's four going on five elle va sur ses cinq ans ; he's thirty going on three hum il a trente ans mais il pourrait bien en avoir trois ;10 ( fit) these gloves won't go on ces gants ne m'iront pas ; the lid won't go on properly le couvercle ne ferme pas bien ;▶ go on [sth] se fonder sur [piece of evidence, information] ; that's all we've got to go on tout ce que nous savons avec certitude ; we've got nothing else to go on nous n'avons pas d'autre point de départ ; the police haven't got much evidence to go on la police n'a pas beaucoup de preuves à l'appui.■ go on at:▶ go on at [sb] s'en prendre à [person] ; he's always going on at me for writing badly il s'en prend toujours à moi à cause de ma mauvaise écriture ; they're always going on at us about deadlines ils sont toujours sur notre dos pour des histoires de délais.■ go out1 (leave, depart) sortir ; she went out of the room elle a quitté la pièce, elle est sortie de la pièce ; to go out walking aller se promener ; to go out for a drink aller prendre un verre ; they go out a lot ils sortent beaucoup ; she likes going out elle aime sortir ; she had to go out to work at 14 il a fallu qu'elle aille travailler à 14 ans ;2 ( travel long distance) partir (to à, pour) ; she's gone out to Australia/Africa elle est partie pour l'Australie/l'Afrique ;3 ( have relationship) to go out with sb sortir avec qn ; they've been going out together for six weeks ils sortent ensemble depuis six semaines ;4 [tide] descendre ; the tide is going out la marée descend, la mer se retire ;5 Ind ( go on strike) se mettre en grève ;6 ( become unfashionable) passer de mode ; ( no longer be used) ne plus être utilisé ; mini-skirts went out in the 1970s les mini-jupes ont passé de mode dans les années 70 ; gas went out and electricity came in l'électricité a remplacé le gaz ;7 ( be extinguished) [fire, light] s'éteindre ;8 ( be sent) [invitation, summons] être envoyé ; ( be published) [journal, magazine] être publié ; Radio, TV ( be broadcast) être diffusé ;9 ( be announced) word went out that he was coming back le bruit a couru qu'il revenait ; the news went out from Washington that Washington a annoncé que ;10 ( be eliminated) gen, Sport être éliminé ; she went out in the early stages of the competition elle a été éliminée au début de la compétition ;11 (expressing compassion, sympathy) my heart goes out to them je les plains de tout mon cœur, je suis de tout cœur avec eux ; our thoughts go out to absent friends nos pensées vont vers nos amis absents ;12 ( disappear) all the spirit seemed to have gone out of her elle semblait avoir perdu tout son entrain ; the romance seemed to have gone out of their relationship leur relation semblait avoir perdu tout son charme ;13 ( end) [year, month] se terminer ;14 ( in cards) terminer.■ go over:▶ go over1 ( cross over) aller ; she went over to him/to the window elle est allée vers lui/vers la fenêtre, elle s'est approchée de lui/de la fenêtre ; to go over to Ireland/to America aller en Irlande/aux États-Unis ; we are now going over to Washington for more news Radio, TV nous passons maintenant l'antenne à Washington pour plus d'informations ;2 ( be received) how did his speech go over? comment est-ce que son discours a été reçu? ; his speech went over well son discours a été bien reçu ; to go over big ○ avoir un grand succès ;3 ( switch over) he went over to Labour from the Conservatives il est passé du parti des conservateurs au parti des travaillistes ; to go over to the other side fig passer dans l'autre camp ; we've gone over to gas (central heating) nous sommes passés au chauffage central au gaz ; to go over to Islam se convertir à l'Islam ;▶ go over [sth]1 ( review) passer [qch] en revue [details] ; she went over the events of the day in her mind elle a passé en revue les événements de la journée ; we've gone over the details again and again nous avons déjà passé les détails en revue mille fois ; to go over one's lines ( actor) répéter son texte ; there's no point in going over old ground il n'y a aucune raison de revenir là-dessus ;2 (check, inspect) vérifier [accounts, figures] ; revoir [facts, piece of work] ; I want to go over this article once more before I hand it in je veux relire cet article une dernière fois avant de le remettre ; to go over a house faire le tour d'une maison ;3 ( clean) he went over the room with a duster il a donné un coup de chiffon dans la pièce ; after cleaning, go over the surface with a dry cloth après l'avoir nettoyée, essuyez la surface avec un chiffon sec or passez un chiffon sec sur la surface ;4 to go over a sketch in ink repasser un dessin à l'encre ;5 ( exceed) dépasser ; don't go over £100 ne dépassez pas 100 livres sterling.■ go round GB:▶ go round1 ( turn) [wheel, propeller etc] tourner ; the wheels went round and round les roues n'ont pas arrêté de tourner ; my head's going round j'ai la tête qui tourne ;2 ( call round) to go round to see sb aller voir qn ; he's gone round to Anna's il est allé chez Anna ;3 ( suffice) there isn't enough food/money to go round il n'y a pas assez de nourriture/d'argent pour tout le monde ; there was barely enough to go round il y en avait à peine assez pour tout le monde ;4 ( circulate) there's a rumour going round that le bruit court que ;5 ( make detour) faire un détour ; we had to go round the long way ou the long way round il a fallu qu'on prenne un chemin plus long ; I had to go round by the bridge il a fallu que je passe par or que je fasse un détour par le pont ;■ go through:1 ( come in) entrer ; if you'll just go (on) through, I'll tell them you're here si vous voulez bien entrer, je vais leur dire que vous êtes arrivé ;2 ( be approved) [law, agreement] passer ; the law failed to go through la loi n'est pas passée ; the divorce hasn't gone through yet le divorce n'a pas encore été prononcé ;3 ( be successfully completed) [business deal] être conclu ;▶ go through [sth]1 ( undergo) endurer, subir [experience, ordeal] ; ( pass through) passer par [stage, phase] ; in spite of all he's gone through malgré tout ce qu'il a enduré ; we've all gone through it nous sommes tous passés par là ; she's gone through a lot elle a beaucoup souffert ; he went through the day in a kind of daze toute la journée il a été dans un état second ; the country has gone through two civil wars le pays a connu deux guerres civiles ; to go through a crisis traverser une crise ; as you go through life au fur et à mesure que tu vieillis, en vieillissant ; you have to go through the switchboard/right authorities il faut passer par le standard/les autorités compétentes ; it went through my mind that l'idée m'a traversé l'esprit que ;2 (check, inspect) examiner, étudier ; ( rapidly) parcourir [documents, files, list] ; to go through one's mail parcourir son courrier ; let's go through the points one by one étudions or examinons les problèmes un par un ;3 ( search) fouiller [person's belongings, baggage] ; to go through sb's pockets/drawers fouiller dans les poches/tiroirs de qn ; at customs they went through all my things à la douane ils ont fouillé toutes mes affaires ;4 (perform, rehearse) répéter [scene] ; expliquer [procedure] ; let's go through the whole scene once more répétons or reprenons toute la scène une dernière fois ; there are still a certain number of formalities to be gone through il y a encore un certain nombre de formalités à remplir ; I went through the whole procedure with him je lui ai expliqué comment il fallait procéder en détail ;5 (consume, use up) dépenser [money] ; we went through three bottles of wine nous avons bu or descendu ○ trois bouteilles de vin ; I've gone through the elbows of my jacket j'ai usé ma veste aux coudes.▶ go through with [sth] réaliser, mettre [qch] à exécution [plan] ; in the end they decided to go through with the wedding finalement ils ont décidé de se marier ; I can't go through with it je ne peux pas le faire ; you'll have to go through with it now il va falloir que tu le fasses maintenant.1 ( harmonize) [colours, pieces of furniture etc] aller ensemble ; these colours don't go together ces couleurs ne vont pas ensemble ;2 ( entail each other) aller de pair ; poverty and crime often go together la pauvreté et le crime vont souvent de pair ;3 ○ †( have relationship) [couple] sortir ensemble.■ go under1 [boat, ship] couler, sombrer ; [drowning person] couler, disparaître sous les flots ;■ go up:▶ go up1 ( ascend) monter ; to go up to bed monter se coucher ; they've gone up to London ils sont allés or montés à Londres ; they've gone up to Scotland ils sont allés en Écosse ; ‘going up!’ ( in elevator) ‘on monte!’ ;2 ( rise) [price, temperature] monter ; Theat [curtain] se lever (on sur) ; petrol has gone up (in price) (le prix de) l'essence a augmenté ; unemployment is going up le chômage augmente or est en hausse ; our membership has gone up le nombre de nos adhérents a augmenté ; a cry went up from the crowd un cri est monté or s'est élevé de la foule ;3 ( be erected) [building] être construit ; [poster] être affiché ; new office blocks are going up all over the place on construit de nouveaux immeubles un peu partout ;4 (be destroyed, blown up) [building] sauter, exploser ;6 ( be upgraded) the team has gone up to the first division l'équipe est passée en première division ;7 ( continue) the book/series goes up to 1990 le livre/la série va jusqu'en 1990 ;▶ go up [sth]1 ( mount) monter, gravir [hill, mountain] ;2 to go up a class Sch passer dans une classe supérieure.■ go with:▶ go with [sth]1 (match, suit) aller avec ; your shirt goes with your blue eyes ta chemise va bien avec tes yeux bleus ; white wine goes better with fish than red wine le vin blanc va mieux avec le poisson que le rouge ;2 ( accompany) aller de pair avec ; the car goes with the job la voiture va de pair avec la situation ; the responsibilities that go with parenthood les responsabilités qui vont de pair avec le fait d'être parent ;■ go without:▶ go without s'en passer ; you'll just have to go without! il va falloir que tu t'en passes!, il va falloir que tu fasses sans! ;▶ go without [sth] se passer de [food, luxuries]. -
7 AF
of* * *prep. w. dat.I. Of place:1) off, from;G. hljóp af hesti sínum, G. jumped off his horse;ganga af mótinu, to go away from the meeting;Flosi kastaði af sér skikkjunni, threw off his cloak;Gizzur gekk af útsuðri at gerðinu, from the south-west;hann hafði leyst af sér skúa sína, he had taken off his shoes;Steinarr vildi slíta hann af sér, throw him off;tók Gísli þá af sér vápnin, took off his arms;bréf af Magnúsi konungi, a letter from king Magnus;land af landi, from one land to the other;hverr af öðrum, one after another, in succession;vil ek þú vinnir af þér skuldina, work off the debt;muntu enga sætt af mér fá, no peace at my hand;rísa af dauða, to rise from the dead;vakna af draumi, to awaken from a dream;lúka upp af hrossi, to open a gate from off a horse;vindr stóð af landi, the wind blew from the land;2) out of;verða tekinn af heimi, to be taken out of the world;gruflar hón af læknum, she scrambles out of the brook;Otradalr var mjök af vegi, far out of the way.Connected with út; föstudaginn fór út herrinn af borginni, marched out of the town.II. Of time; past, beyond:af ómagaaldri, able to support oneself, of age;ek em nú af léttasta skeiði, no longer in the prime of life;þá er sjau vikur eru af sumri, when seven weeks of summer are past;var mikit af nótt, much of the night was past.III. In various other relations:1) þiggja lið af e-m, to receive help from one;hafa umboð af e-m, to be another’s deputy;vera góðs (ills) maklegr af e-m, to deserve good (bad) of one;féll þar lið mart af Eyvindi, many of Eyvind’s men fell there;þá eru þeir útlagir ok af goðorði sínu, have forfeited their goðorð;þá skalt þú af allri fjárheimtunni, forfeit all the claim;ek skal stefna þér af konunni, summon thee to give up;2) off, of;höggva fót, hönd, af e-m, to cut off one’s foot, hand;vil ek, at þú takir slíkt sem þér líkar af varningi, whatever you like of the stores;þar lá forkr einn ok brotit af endanum, with the point broken off;absol., beit hann höndina af, bit the hand off;fauk af höfuðit, the head flew off;3) of, among;hinn efniligasti maðr af ungum mönnum, the most promising of the young men;4) with;hláða, (ferma) skip af e-u, to load (freight) a ship with;fylla heiminn af sínu kyni, to fill the world with his offspring;5) of (= ór which is more frequent);húsit var gert af timbr stokkum, was built of trunks of trees;6) fig., eigi vita menn hvat af honum er orðit, what has become of him;hvat hefir þú gert af Gunnari, what hast thou done with Gunnar?;7) denoting parentage, descent, origin;ok eru af þeim komnir Gilsbekkingar, are descended from them;kominn af Trójumönnum, descended from the Trojans;8) by, of (after passive);ek em sendr hingat af Starkaði, sent hither by;ástsæll af landsmónnum, beloved of;9) on account of, by reason of, by;úbygðr at frosti ok kulda, because of frost and cold;ómáli af áverkum, speechless from wounds;af ástæld hans, by his popularity;af því, therefore;af hví, wherefor why;af því at, because;10) by means of, by;framfœra e-n af verkum sínum, by means of his own labour;af sínu fé, by one’s own means;absol., hann fekk af hina mestu sœmd, derived great honour from it;11) with adjectives, in regard to;mildr af fé, liberal of money;góðr af griðum, merciful;fastr af drykk, close (stingy) in regard to drink;12) used absol. with a verb, off away;hann bað hann þá róa af fjörðinn, to row the firth off;ok er þeir höfðu af fjörðung, when they had covered one forth of the way;sofa af nóttina, to sleep the night away.* * *prep. often used elliptically by dropping the case, or even merely adverbially, [Ulf. af; A. S. and Engl. of, off; Hel. ab; Germ. ab; Gr. άπό; Lat. a, ab.] With dat. denoting a motion a loco; one of the three prepp. af, ór, frá, corresponding to those in loco—á, í, við, and ad locum—á, í, at. It in general corresponds to the prepp. in loco—á, or in locum— til, whilst ór answers more to í; but it also frequently corresponds to yfir, um or í. It ranges between ór and frá, generally denoting the idea from the surface of, while ór means from the inner part, and frá from the outer part or border. The motion from a hill, plain, open place is thus denoted by af; by ór that from an enclosed space, depth, cavity, thus af fjalli, but ór of a valley, dale; af Englandi, but ór Danmörk, as mörk implies the notion of a deep wood, forest. The wind blows af landi, but a ship sets sail frá landi; frá landi also means a distance from: af hendi, of a glove, ring; ór hendi, of whatever has been kept in the hand (correl. to á hendi and í hendi). On the other hand af is more general, whilst frá and ór are of a more special character; frá denoting a departure, ór an impulse or force; a member goes home af þingi, whereas ór may denote an inmate of a district, or convey the notion of secession or exclusion from, Eb. 105 new Ed.; the traveller goes af landi, the exile ór landi: taka e-t af e-m is to take a thing out of one’s hand, that of taka frá e-m to remove out of one’s sight, etc. In general af answers to Engl. of, off, ór to out of, and frá to from: the Lat. prepp. ab, de, and ex do not exactly correspond to the Icelandic, yet as a rule ór may answer to ex, af sometimes to ab, sometimes to de. Of, off, from among; with, by; on account of by means of, because of concerning, in respect of.A. Loc.I. With motion, off, from:1. prop. corresp. to á,α. konungr dró gullhring af hendi sér (but á hendi), Ld. 32; Höskuldr lætr bera farm af skipi, unload the ship (but bera farm á skip), id.; var tekit af hestum þeirra, they were unsaddled, Nj. 4; Gunnarr hafði farit heiman af bæ sínum, he was away from home, 82; Gunnarr hljóp af hesti sínum, jumped off his horse (but hl. á hest), 83; hlaupa, stökkva af baki, id., 112, 264 ; Gunnarr skýtr til hans af boganum, from the bow, where af has a slight notion of instrumentality, 96; flýja af fundinum, to fly from off the battle-field, 102; ríða af Þríhyrningshálsum, 206; út af Langaholti, Eg. 744 ; sunnan ór Danmörk ok af Saxlandi, 560; ganga af mótinu, to go from the meeting, Fms. vii. 130; af þeirra fundi reis María upp ok fór, 625. 85 ; Flosi kastaði af ser skikkjunni, threw his cloak off him (but kasta á sik),Nj. 176; taka Hrungnis fót af honum, of a load, burden, Edda 58; land þat er hann fiskði af, from which he set off to fish, Grág. i. 151, is irregular, frá would suit better; slíta af baki e-s, from off one’s back, ii. 9 ; bera af borði, to clear the table, Nj. 75.β. where it more nearly answers to í; þeir koma af hafi, of sailors coming in (but leggja í haf), Nj. 128 ; fara til Noregs af Orkneyjum (but í or til O.), 131; þeim Agli fórst vel ok komu af hafi i Borgarfjörð, Eg. 392 ; hann var útlagi ( outlawed) af Noregi, where ór would be more regular, 344; af Islandi, of a traveller, Fms. x. 3; búa her af báðum ríkjunum, to take a levy from, 51; hinir beztu bændr ór Norðlendingafjórðungi ok af Sunnlendingafjórðungi, the most eminent Southerners and Northerners, 113; Gizzurr gékk af útsuðri at gerðinu, from south-west, Sturl. ii. 219; prestar af hvárutveggja biskupsdæmi, from either diocess, Dipl. ii. 11; verða tekinn af heimi, to be taken out of the world, 623. 21; gruflar hon af læknum, scrambles out of the brook, Ísl. ii. 340; Egill kneyfði af horninu í einum drykk, drained off the horn at one draught, literally squeezed every drop out of it, Eg. 557; brottuaf herbúðunurn, Fms. x. 343.γ. of things more or less surrounding the subject, corresp. to yfir or um; láta þeir þegar af sér tjöldin, break off, take down the tents in preparing for battle, Eg. 261; kyrtillinn rifnaði af honum, his coat burst, caused by the swollen body, 602; hann hafði leyst af sér skúa sína, he untied his shoes (but binda á sik), 716; Steinarr vildi slíta hann af sér, throw him off, of one clinging to one’s body, 747; tók Gísli þá af sér vápnin, took off his arms, Fms. vii. 39. Of putting off clothes; fara af kápu, Nj. 143; far þú eigi af brynjunni, Bs. i. 541; þá ætlaði Sigurðr at fara af brynjunni, id.; þá var Skarphéðinn flettr af klæðunum, Nj. 209: now more usually fara or klæðum, fötum, exuere, to undress.δ. connected with út; föstudaginn for út herrinn af borginni, marched out of the town, Nj. 274; ganga út af kirkjunni, to go out of the church, now út úr, Fms. vii. 107: drekki hann af þeirri jörðunni, of something impregnated with the earth, Laekn. 402.ε. more closely corresponding to frá, being in such cases a Latinism (now frá); bréf af páfa, a pope’s bull, Fms. x. 6; rit af hánum, letter from him, 623. 52; bréf af Magnúsi konungi, a letter from king Magnus, Bs. i. 712; farið þér á brautu af mér í eilífan eld, Hom. 143; brott af drottins augliti, Stj. 43.ζ. denoting an uninterrupted continuity, in such phrases as land aflandi, from land to land, Eg. 343, Fas. ii. 539; skip af skipl. from ship to ship, Fms. v. 10; brann hvat af öðru, one after another, of an increasing fire, destroying everything, i. 128; brandr af brandi brenn, funi kveykist af funa, one from another, Hm. 56; hverr af öðrum, one after another, in succession, also hverr at öðrum, Eb. 272, 280 (where at in both passages).2. metaph., at ganga af e-m dauðum, to go from, leave one dead on the spot, of two combatants; en hann segiz bani hins ef hann gekk af dauðum manni, Grág. ii. 88, Hkr. 1. 327; undr þykir mér er bróðir þinn vildi eigi taka af þér starf þetta, would not take this toil from thee, Nj. 77; þegnar hans glöddust af honum, were fain of him, Fms. x. 380; at koma þeim manni af sér er settr var á fé hans, to get rid of, Ld. 52; vil ek þú vinriir af þér skuldina, work off the debt, Njarð. 366; reka af sér, to repel, Sturl. ii. 219; hann á þá sonu er aldri munu af oss ganga, who will never leave us, whom we shall never get rid of, Fas. i. 280; leysa e-n af e-u, to relieve, 64; taka e-n af lífi, to kill, Eg. 48, 416, Nj. 126; af lífdögum, Fms. vii. 204; ek mun ná lögum af því máli, get the benefit of the law in this case, Eg. 468; muntu enga sætt af mér fá, no peace at my hand, 414; rísa af dauða, to rise from death, Fms. ii. 142; guð bætti honum þó af þessi sótt, healed him of this sickness, ix. 390; vakna af sýn, draumi, svefni, to awaken from a vision, dream, sleep, 655 xxxii. I, Gísl. 24, Eb. 192, Fas. i. 41. Rather with the notion out of, in the phrase af sér etc., e. g. sýna e-t af scr, to shew, exhibit a disposition for or against, Ld. 18; gera mikit af sér, to shew great prowess, Ísl. ii. 368; éf þú gerir eigi meira af þér um aðra leika, unless you make more of thyself, Edda 32; Svipdagr hafði mikit af sér gert, fought bravely, Fas. i. 41; góðr (illr) af sér, good ( bad) of oneself, by nature; mikill af sjálfum sér, proud, bold, stout, Nj. 15; ágætastr maðr af sjálfum sér, the greatest hero, Bret.: góðr af ser, excellent, Hrafn. 7; but, on the contrary, af sér kominn, ruinous, in decay; this phrase is used of old houses or buildings, as in Bs. i. 488 = Sturl. l. c.; af sér kominn af mæði can also be said of a man fallen off from what he used to be; kominn af fotum fram, off his legs from age, Sturl. i. 223, Korm. 154 (in a verse).II. WITHOUT MOTION:1. denoting direction from, but at the same time continuous connection with an object from which an act or thing proceeds, from; tengja skip hvárt fram af stafni annars, to tie the ships in a line, stem to stern, Fms. i. 157, xi. 111; svá at þeir tóku út af borðum, jutted out of the boards, of rafters or poles, iv. 49; stjarna ok af sem skaft, of a comet, ix. 482; lúka upp af hrossi, to open a gate from off a horse, Grág. ii. 264; hon svarar af sínu sæti sem álpt af baru, Fás. i. 186; þar er sjá mátti utau af firði, af þjóðleið, that might be seen from the fareway on the sea when sailing in the firth, Hkr. ii. 64; þá mun hringt af (better at) Burakirkju, of bells rung at the church, Fms. xi. 160; gengr þar af Meðalfellsströnd, projects from, juts out, of a promontory, Ld. 10.2. denoting direction alone; upp af víkinni stóð borg mikil, a burg inland from the inlet, Eg. 161; lokrekkja innar af seti, a shut bed inward from the benches in the hall, Ísl. ii. 262; kapella upp af konungs herbergjum, upwards from, Fms. x. 153; vindr stóð af landi, the wind stood off the land, Bárð. 166.β. metaph., stauda af e-u, vide VI. 4.γ. ellipt., hallaði af norðr, of the channel, north of a spot, Boll. 348; also, austr af, suðr af, vestr af, etc.3. denoting absence; þingheyendr skulu eigi vera um nótt af þingi ( away from the meeting), eðr lengr, þá eru þeir af þingi ( away from (be meeting) ef þeir eru or ( out of) þingmarki, Grág. i. 25; vera um nótt af várþingi, 115; meðan hann er af landi héðan, abroad, 150.β. metaph., gud hvíldi af öllum verkum sínum á sjaunda degi, rested from his labours, Ver. 3.4. denoting distance; þat er komit af þjóðleið, out of the high road, remote, Eg. 369; af þjóðbraut, Grág. ii. 264, i. 15; Otradalr (a farm) var mjök af vegi, far out of the way, Háv. 53.B. TEMP, past, from, out of, beyond:1. of a person’s age, in the sense of having past a period of life; af ómaga aldri, of age, able to support oneself, Grág. i. 243; af aeskualdri, stricken in years, having past the prime of life, Eg. 202; lítið af barnsaldri, still a child, Ld. 74; ek em nú af léttasia skeiði, no longer in the prime of life, Háv. 40.2. of a part or period of time, past; eigi síðar en nótt er af þingi, a night of the session past, Grág. i. 101; þá er sjau vikur eru af sumri, seven weeks past of the summer, 182; tíu vikur af sumri, Íb. 10; var mikit af nótt, much of the night was past, Háv. 41; mikið af vetri, much of the winter was past, Fas. ii. 186; þriðjungr af nótt, a third of the night past, Fms. x. 160; stund af degi, etc.; tveir mánoðr af sumri, Gþl. 103.3. in adverbial phrases such as, af stundu, soon; af bragði, at once; af tómi, at leisure, at ease; af nýju, again; af skyndingu, speedily; af bráðungu, in a hurry, etc.C. In various other relations:I. denoting the passage or transition of an object, concrete or abstract, of, from.1. where a thing is received, derived from, conferred by a person or object; þiggja lið af e-m, to derive help from, Edda 26; taka traust af e-m, to receive support, comfort from, Fms. xi. 243; taka mála af e-m, to be in one’s pay, of a soldier, Eg. 266; halda land af e-m, to hold land of any one, 282; verða viss af e-m, to get information from, 57, Nj. 130; taka við sök af manni (a law term), to undertake a case, suit, Grág. i. 142; hafa umboð af e-m, to be another’s deputy, ii. 374; vera góðs (ills) maklegr af e-m, to deserve good (bad) of, Vd. 88 (old Ed., the new reads frá), Fs. 45; afla matar af eyjum, to derive supplies from, Eb. 12.2. where an object is taken by force:α. prop. out of a person’s hand; þú skalt hnykkja smíðit af honum, wrest it out of his hand, Nj. 32; cp. taka, þrífa, svipta e-u (e-t) af e-m, to wrest from.β. metaph. of a person’s deprival of anything in general; hann tók af þér konuna, carried thy wife off, Nj. 33; tók Gunnarr af þér sáðland þitt, robbed thee of seedland, 103; taka af honum tignina, to depose, degrade him, Eg. 271; vinna e-t af e-m, to carry off by force of arms, conquer, Fms. iii. 29; drepa menn af e-m, for one, slay one’s man, Eg. 417; fell þar lið mart af Eyvindi, many of Eyvind’s people fell there, 261.γ. in such phrases as, hyggja af e-u (v. afhuga), hugsa af e-u, to forget; hyggja af harmi; sjá af e-u, to lose, miss; var svá ástúðigt með þeim, at livargi þóttist mega af öðrum sjá, neither of them could take his eyes off the other, Sturl. i. 194; svá er mörg við ver sinn vær, at varla um sér hon af hoiuun nær, Skálda 163.3. denoting forfeiture; þá eru þeir útlagir, ok af goðorði sínu, have forfeited their priesthood, Grág. i. 24; telja hann af ráðunum fjár síns alls, to oust one, on account of idiocy or madness, 176; verða af kaupi, to be off the bargain, Edda 26; þá skalt þú af allri fjárheimtunni, forfeit all the claim, Nj. 15; ek skal stefna þér af konunni, summon thee to forfeit, a case of divorce, id.; ella er hann af rettarfari um hana, has forfeited the suit, Grág. i. 381.β. ellipt., af ferr eindagi ef, is forfeited, Grág. i. 140.II. denoting relation of a part to a whole, off, of, Lat. de; höggva hönd, höfuð, fót af e-um, to cut one’s hand, head, foot off, Nj. 97, 92, Bs. i. 674; höggva spjót af skapti, to sever the blade from the shaft, 264; hann lét þá ekki hafa af föðurarfi sínum, nothing of their patrimony, Eg. 25; vil ek at þú takir slíkt sem þér líkar af varningi, take what you like of the stores, Nj. 4; at þú eignist slíkt af fé okkru sem þú vili, 94.β. ellipt., en nú höfum vér kjörit, en þat er af krossinum, a slice of, Fms. vii. 89; Þórðr gaf Skólm frænda sínum af landnámi sínu, a part of, Landn. 211; hafði hann þat af hans eigu er hann vildi, Sturl. ii. 169; þar lá forkr einn ok brotið af endanum, the point broken off, Háv. 24, Sturl. i. 169.γ. absol. off; beit hann höndina af, þar sem nú heitir úlfliðr, bit the hand off, Edda 17; fauk af höfuðit, the head flew off, Nj. 97; jafnt er sem þér synist, af er fótrinn, the foot is off, id.; af bæði eyru, both ears off, Vm. 29.2. with the notion of—among; mestr skörungr af konum á Norðrlöndum, the greatest heroine in the North, Fms. i. 116; hinn efniligasti maðr af ungum mönnum í Austfjörðum, the most hopeful of youths in the Eastfirths, Njarð. 364; af ( among) öllurn hirðmönnuni virði konungr mest skáld sín, Eg. 27; ef hann vildi nokkura kaupa af þessum konum, Ld. 30; ör liggr þar útiá vegginum, ok er sú af þeirra örum, one of their own arrows, Nj. 115.β. from, among, belonging to; guð kaus hana af ollum konum sér til móður, of the Virgin Mary, Mar. A. i. 27.γ. metaph., kunna mikit (lítið) af e-u, to know much, little of, Bragi kann mest af skáldskap, is more cunning of poetry than any one else, Edda 17.δ. absol. out of, before, in preference to all others; Gunnarr bauð þér góð boð, en þú vildir eingi af taka, you would choose none of them, Nj. 77; ráða e-t af, to decide; þó mun faðir minn mestu af ráða, all depends upon him, Ld. 22; konungr kveðst því mundu heldr af trúa, preferred believing that of the two, Eg. 55; var honum ekki vildara af ván, he could expect nothing better, 364.3. with the additional sense of instrumentality, with; ferma skip af e-u, to freight a ship with, Eg. 364; hlaða mörg skip af korni, load many ships with corn, Fms. xi. 8; klyfja tvá hesta af mat, Nj. 74; var vágrinn skipaðr af herskipum, the bay was covered with war ships, 124; fylla ker af glóðum, fill it with embers, Stj. 319; fylla heiminn af sínu kyni, to fill the world with his offspring, Ver. 3.III. denoting the substance of which a thing is made, of; used indifferently with ór, though ór be more frequent; þeir gerðu af honum jörðina, af blóði hans sæinn ok vötnin, of the creation of the world from the corpse of the giant Ymir; the poem Gm. 40, 41, constantly uses ór in this sense, just as in modern Icelandic, Edda 5; svá skildu þeir, at allir hlutir væri smíðaðir af nokkru efni, 147 (pref.); húsit var gert af timbrstokkum, built of trunks of timber, Eg. 233; hjöhin vóru af gulli, of gold, golden, Fms. i. 17; af osti, of cheese, but in the verse 1. c. ór osti, Fms. vi. 253; línklæði af lérepti, linen, Sks. 287.2. metaph. in the phrases, göra e-t af e-n ( to dispose of), verða af ( become of), hvat hefir þú gört af Gunnari, what hast thou done with Gunnar? Njarð. 376; hvat af motrinuni er orðit, what has become of it? of a lost thing, Ld. 208; hverfr Óspakr á burt, svá eigi vita menn hvat af honum er orðit, what has become of him? Band. 5.IV. denoting parentage, descent, origin, domicile, abode:1. parentage, of, from, used indifferently with frá; ok eru af þeim komnir Gilsbekkingar, descend from them, but a little below—frá honum eru konmir Sturlungar, Eb. 338, cp. afkvæmi; af ætt Hörðakára, Fms. i. 287; kominn af Trojumönnum, xi. 416; af Ása-ætt (Kb. wrongly at), Edda I.β. metaph., vera af Guði (theol.), of God, = righteous, 686 B. 9; illr ávöxtr af íllri rót, Fms. ii. 48; Asia er kölluð af nafni nokkurar konu, derives her name from, Stj. 67; af honum er bragr kallaðr skáldskapr, called after his name, Edda 17.2. of domicile; af danskri tungu, of Danish or Scandinavian origin, speaking the Danish tongue, Grág. ii. 73; hvaðan af löndum, whence, native of what country? Ísl.β. especially denoting a man’s abode, and answering to á and í, the name of the farm (or country) being added to proper names, (as in Scotland,) to distinguish persons of the same name; Hallr af Síðu, Nj. 189; Erlingr af Straumey, 273; Ástríðr af Djúpárbakka, 39; Gunnarr af Hlíðarenda (more usual frá); þorir haklangr konungr af Ögðum, king of Agdir, Eg. 35, etc.; cp. ór and frá.V. denoting a person with whom an act, feeling, etc. originates, for the most part with a periphrastic passive:1. by, the Old Engl. of; as, ek em sendr hingað af Starkaði ok sonum hans, sent hither by, Nj. 94; inna e-t af hendi, to perform, 257; þó at alþýða væri skírð af kennimönnum, baptized of, Fms. ii. 158; meira virðr af mönnum, higher esteemed, Ld. 158; ástsæll af landsmönnum, beloved, íb. 16; vinsæll af mönnum, Nj. 102; í allgóðu yfirlæti af þeim feðgum, hospitably treated by them, Eg. 170; var þá nokkut drukkið af alþjóð, there was somewhat hard drinking of the people, Sturl. iii. 229; mun þat ekki upp tekið af þeim sükudólgum mínum, they will not clutch at that, Nj. 257; ef svá væri í hendr þér búit af mér, if í had so made everything ready to thy hands, Ld. 130; þá varð fárætt um af föður hans, his father said little about it, Fms. ii. 154.2. it is now also sometimes used as a periphrase of a nom., e. g. ritað, þýtt af e-m, written, translated, edited by, but such phrases scarcely occur in old writers.VI. denoting cause, ground, reason:1. originating from, on account of, by reason of; af frændsemis sökum, for kinship’s sake, Grág. ii. 72; ómáli af áverkum, speechless from wounds, 27; af manna völdum, by violence, not by natural accident, of a crime, Nj. 76; af fortölum Halls, through his pleading, 255; af ástsæld hans ok af tölum þeirra Sæmundar, by his popularity and the eloquence of S., Íb. 16; af ráðum Haralds konungs, by his contriving, Landn. 157; úbygðr af frosti ok kulda, because of frost and cold, Hkr. i. 5.β. adverbially, af því, therefore, Nj. 78; af hví, why? 686 B. 9; þá verðr bóndi heiðinn af barni sínu, viz. if he does not cause his child to be christened, K. Þ. K. 20.2. denoting instrumentality, by means of; af sinu fé, by one’s own means, Grág. i. 293; framfæra e-n af verkum sinum, by means of one’s own labour, K. Þ. K. 142; draga saman auð af sökum, ok vælum ok kaupum, make money by, 623. I; af sínum kostnaði, at hi s own expense, Hkr. i. 217.β. absol., hún fellir á mik dropa svá heita at ek brenn af öll, Ld. 328; hann fékk af hina mestu sæmd, derived great honotur from it, Nj. 88; elli sótti á hendr honum svá at hann lagðist í rekkju af, he grew bedridden from age, Ld. 54; komast undan af hlaupi, escape by running, Fms. viii. 58; spinna garn af rokki, spin off a wheel (now, spinna á rokk), from a notion of instrumentality, or because of the thread being spun out (?), Eb. 92.3. denoting proceeding, originating from; lýsti af höndum hennar, her hands spread beams of light, Edda 22; allir heimar lýstust ( were illuminated) af henni, id.; en er lýsti af degi, when the day broke forth, Fms. ii. 16; lítt var lýst af degi, the day was just beginning to break, Ld. 46; þá tók at myrkja af nótt, the ‘mirk-time’ of night began to set in, Eg. 230; tók þá brátt at myrkva af nótt, the night grew dark, Hkr. ii. 230.4. metaph., standa, leiða, hljótast af, to be caused by, result from; opt hlýtst íllt af kvenna hjali, great mischief is wrought by women’s gossip (a proverb), Gísl. 15, 98; at af þeim mundi mikit mein ok úhapp standa, be caused by, Edda 18; kenna kulda af ráðum e-s, to feel sore from, Eb. 42; þó mun her hljótast af margs manns bani, Nj, 90.5. in adverbial phrases, denoting state of mind; af mikilli æði, in fury, Nj. 116; af móð, in great emotion, Fms. xi. 221; af áhyggju, with concern, i. 186; af létta, frankly, iii. 91; af viti, collectedly, Grág. ii. 27; af heilu, sincerely, Eg. 46; áf fári, in rage; af æðru, timidly, Nj. (in a verse); af setning, composedly, in tune, Fms. iii. 187; af mikilli frægð, gallantly, Fas. i. 261; af öllu afli, with all might, Grág. ii. 41; af riki, violently, Fbr. (in a verse); af trúnaði, confidently, Grág. i. 400.VII. denoting regard to, of, concerning, in respect of, as regards:1. with verbs, denoting to tell of, be informed, inquire about, Lat. de; Dioscorides segir af grasi því, speaks of, 655 xxx. 5; er menn spurðu af landinu, inquired about it, Landn. 30; halda njósn af e-u, Nj. 104; er þat skjótast þar af at segja, Eg. 546, Band. 8.β. absol., hann mun spyrja, hvárt þér sé nokkut af kunnigt hversu for með okkr, whether you know anything about, how, Nj. 33; halda skóla af, to hold a school in a science, 656 A. i. 19 (sounds like a Latinism); en ek gerða þik sera mestan mann af öllu, in respect of all, that you should get all the honour of it, Nj. 78.2. with adjectives such as mildr, illr, góðrafe-u, denoting disposition or character in respect to; alira manna mildastr af fo, very liberal, often-banded, Fms. vii. 197; mildr af gulli, i. 33; góðr af griðum, merciful, Al. 33; íllr af mat en mildr af gulli, Fms. i. 53; fastr af drykk, close, stingy in regard to, Sturl. ii. 125; gat þess Hildigunnr at þú mundir góðr af hestinum, that you would be good about the horse, Nj. 90, cp. auðigr at, v. at, which corresponds to the above phrases; cp. also the phrase af sér above, p. 4, col. I, ll. 50 sqq.VIII. periphrasis of a genitive (rare); provincialis af öllum Predikaraklaustrum, Fms. x. 76; vera af hinum mesta fjandskap, to breathe deep hatred to, be on bad terms with, ix. 220; af hendi, af hálfu e-s, on one’s behalf, v. those words.IX. in adverbial phrases; as, af launungu, secretly; af hljóði, silently; v. those words.β. also used absolutely with a verb, almost adverbially, nearly in the signification off, away; hann bað þá róa af fjörðinn, pass the firth swiftly by rowing, row the firth off, Fms. ix. 502; var pá af farit þat seni skerjóttast var, was past, sailed past, Ld. 142; ok er þeir höfðu af fjórðung, past one fourth of the way, Dropl. 10: skína af, to clear up, of the skv, Eb. 152; hence in common language, skína af sér, when the sun breaks forth: sofa af nóttina, to sleep it away, Fms. ii. 98; leið af nóttin, the night past away, Nj. 53; dvelja af stundir, to kill the time, Band. 8; drepa af, to kill; láta af, to slaughter, kill off;γ. in exclamations; af tjöldin, off with the awnings, Bs. i. 420, Fins, ix. 49.δ. in the phrases, þar af, thence; hér af, hence, Fms. ii. 102; af fram, straight on, Nj. 144; now, á fram, on, advance.X. it often refers to a whole sentence or to an adverb, not only like other prepp. to hér, hvar, þar, but also redundantly to hvaðan, héðan, þaðan, whence, hence, thence.2. the preposition may sometimes be repeated, once elliptically or adverbially, and once properly, e. g. en er af var borit at borðinu, the cloth was taken off from the table, Nj. 176; Guð þerrir af (off, away) hvert tár af ( from) augum heilagra manna, God wipes off every tear from the eyes of his saints, 655 xx. vii. 17; skal þó fyrst bætr af lúka af fé vegaiula, pay off, from, Gþl. 160, the last af may be omitted—var þá af borið borðinu—and the prep. thus be separated from its case, or it may refer to some of the indecl. relatives er or sem, the prep. hvar, hér, þar being placed behind them without a case, and referring to the preceding relative, e. g. oss er þar mikit af sagt auð þeim, we have been told much about these riches, Band. 24; er þat skjótast þar af at segja, in short, shortly. Eg. 546; þaðan af veit ek, thence í infer, know, Fms. i. 97.XI. it is moreover connected with a great many verbs besides those mentioned above, e. g. bera af, to excel, whence afbragð, afbrigði; draga af, to detract, deduct, hence afdráttr; veita ekki af, to be hard with; ganga at, to be left, hence afgangr; standast af um e-t, to stand, how matters stand; sem af tekr, at a furious rate; vita af, to be conscious, know about (vide VII).D. As a prefix to compounds distinction is to be made between:I. af privativum, denoting diminution, want, deduction, loss, separation, negation of, etc., answering indifferently to Lat. ab-, de-, ex-, dis-, and rarely to re- and se-, v. the following COMPDS, such as segja, dicere, but afsegja, negare; rækja, colere, but afrækja, negligere; aflaga, contra legem; skapligr, normalis, afskapligr, deformis; afvik, recessus; afhús, afhellir, afdalr, etc.II. af intensivum, etymologically different, and akin to of, afr-, e. g. afdrykkja = ofdrykkja, inebrietas; afbrýði, jealously; afbendi, tenesmus; afglapi, vir fatuus, etc. etc. Both the privative and the intensive af may be contracted into á, esp. before a labial f, m, v, e. g. á fram = af fram; ábrýði = afbrýði; ávöxtr = afvöxtr; áburðr = afburðr; ávíta = afvíta (?). In some cases dubious. With extenuated and changed vowel; auvirðiligr or övirðiligr, depreciated, = afv- etc., v. those words.
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